We jumped to a situation while keeping the rendering program running for some minutes. It crashed -- just shut down the virtual machine. This is a very rare situation of Java. We will get an log file as the following, for example.

hs_err_pid5016.log.

The crash dump log looks scary. If you don't analyze such logs at a daily base, just please do not try. It is painful to find what goes with a very program file even just a single file. But I remembered the original file I modified from, it does not crash I run it again for hours. There are so many changes, things added, things removed, so it is painful. I tried to identify several hotspots, then debug. The problem is in the disaply() function. There are quite some new operators. The memory claimed will not be released quite soon until a gc happens. And the display function will be called dozens times a second. At least refactor this part fixes the crash if it may not be the root cause. We can use TextRenderer as a member variable of the class, each display() call just re-use the same object in the heap.

TextRenderer hints_renderer = new TextRenderer(new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 16));

In this appendix, we will try to implement axonometric projection.

The following is an example of an orthorgonal cube rendered using axonometric projection.

We implemented the projection with the following code. The shear matrix will do the trick. We also showed how the strange crash we jumped to is fixed.

package net.heteroclinic.examples; import java.awt.Font; import java.nio.FloatBuffer; import javax.media.opengl.GL2; import javax.media.opengl.GLAutoDrawable; import javax.media.opengl.GLEventListener; import javax.media.opengl.GLProfile; import javax.media.opengl.awt.GLCanvas; import javax.media.opengl.fixedfunc.GLLightingFunc; import javax.media.opengl.fixedfunc.GLMatrixFunc; import javax.media.opengl.glu.GLU; import com.jogamp.newt.Window; import com.jogamp.newt.event.KeyAdapter; import com.jogamp.newt.event.KeyEvent; import com.jogamp.newt.event.KeyListener; import com.jogamp.newt.event.MouseAdapter; import com.jogamp.newt.event.MouseEvent; import com.jogamp.newt.event.MouseListener; import com.jogamp.newt.event.awt.AWTKeyAdapter; import com.jogamp.newt.event.awt.AWTMouseAdapter; import com.jogamp.opengl.util.Animator; import com.jogamp.opengl.util.awt.TextRenderer; /** * 20160327 jgts not necessarily a clone of GTS. * * Axonometric projection Demo * TODO * * @author Zhikai/www.heteroclinic.net License: all third party rights and * licenses are cascaded. Based on the last sentence and keep this * header, you can do anything with this file. * * Modified from Gears.java : Brian Paul (converted to Java by Ron Cemer and Sven Gothel) */ public class AxonometricProjectionCubeDemo implements GLEventListener { private float view_rotx = 20.0f, view_roty = 30.0f; private final float view_rotz = 0.0f; //private int gear1 = 0, gear2 = 0, gear3 = 0; private float angle = 0.0f; private final int swapInterval; private int prevMouseX, prevMouseY; public static void main(String[] args) { // set argument 'NotFirstUIActionOnProcess' in the JNLP's // application-desc tag for example // <application-desc main-class="demos.j2d.TextCube"/> // <argument>NotFirstUIActionOnProcess</argument> // </application-desc> // boolean firstUIActionOnProcess = 0==args.length || // !args[0].equals("NotFirstUIActionOnProcess") ; java.awt.Frame frame = new java.awt.Frame("Axonometric Projection Cube Demo"); frame.setSize(800, 800); frame.setLayout(new java.awt.BorderLayout()); final Animator animator = new Animator(); frame.addWindowListener(new java.awt.event.WindowAdapter() { @Override public void windowClosing(java.awt.event.WindowEvent e) { // Run this on another thread than the AWT event queue to // make sure the call to Animator.stop() completes before // exiting new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { animator.stop(); System.exit(0); } }).start(); } }); GLCanvas canvas = new GLCanvas(); animator.add(canvas); // GLCapabilities caps = new GLCapabilities(GLProfile.getDefault()); // GLCanvas canvas = new GLCanvas(caps); final AxonometricProjectionCubeDemo cubeDemo = new AxonometricProjectionCubeDemo(); canvas.addGLEventListener(cubeDemo); frame.add(canvas, java.awt.BorderLayout.CENTER); frame.validate(); frame.setVisible(true); animator.start(); } public AxonometricProjectionCubeDemo(int swapInterval) { this.swapInterval = swapInterval; } public AxonometricProjectionCubeDemo() { this.swapInterval = 1; } // public void setCubeDemo(int g1, int g2, int g3) { // gear1 = g1; // gear2 = g2; // gear3 = g3; // } // /** // * @return display list gear1 // */ // public int getGear1() { // return gear1; // } // // /** // * @return display list gear2 // */ // public int getGear2() { // return gear2; // } // // /** // * @return display list gear3 // */ // public int getGear3() { // return gear3; // } private TextRenderer hints_renderer;// = new TextRenderer(new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 16)); @Override public void init(GLAutoDrawable drawable) { System.err.println("CubeDemo: Init: " + drawable); // Use debug pipeline // drawable.setGL(new DebugGL(drawable.getGL())); GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2(); System.err.println("Chosen GLCapabilities: " + drawable.getChosenGLCapabilities()); System.err.println("INIT GL IS: " + gl.getClass().getName()); System.err.println("GL_VENDOR: " + gl.glGetString(GL2.GL_VENDOR)); System.err.println("GL_RENDERER: " + gl.glGetString(GL2.GL_RENDERER)); System.err.println("GL_VERSION: " + gl.glGetString(GL2.GL_VERSION)); float pos[] = { 5.0f, 5.0f, 10.0f, 0.0f }; float red[] = { 0.8f, 0.1f, 0.0f, 0.7f }; float green[] = { 0.0f, 0.8f, 0.2f, 0.7f }; float blue[] = { 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f, 0.7f }; gl.glLightfv(GL2.GL_LIGHT0, GL2.GL_POSITION, pos, 0); gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_CULL_FACE); gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_LIGHTING); gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_LIGHT0); gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_DEPTH_TEST); gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_NORMALIZE); hints_renderer = new TextRenderer(new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 16)); // MouseListener gearsMouse = new TraceMouseAdapter(new // CubeDemoMouseAdapter()); MouseListener gearsMouse = new CubeDemoMouseAdapter(); KeyListener gearsKeys = new CubeDemoKeyAdapter(); if (drawable instanceof Window) { Window window = (Window) drawable; window.addMouseListener(gearsMouse); window.addKeyListener(gearsKeys); } else if (GLProfile.isAWTAvailable() && drawable instanceof java.awt.Component) { java.awt.Component comp = (java.awt.Component) drawable; new AWTMouseAdapter(gearsMouse, drawable).addTo(comp); new AWTKeyAdapter(gearsKeys, drawable).addTo(comp); } } @Override public void reshape(GLAutoDrawable drawable, int x, int y, int width, int height) { System.err.println("CubeDemo: Reshape " + x + "/" + y + " " + width + "x" + height); GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2(); gl.setSwapInterval(swapInterval); float h = (float) height / (float) width; gl.glMatrixMode(GL2.GL_PROJECTION); gl.glLoadIdentity(); //TO-DO //gl.glFrustum(-1.0f, 1.0f, -h, h, 5.0f, 60.0f); gl.glMatrixMode(GL2.GL_MODELVIEW); gl.glLoadIdentity(); gl.glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -40.0f); } @Override public void dispose(GLAutoDrawable drawable) { System.err.println("CubeDemo: Dispose"); } public static final int MATRIX_SIZE = 16; // if you put this in display(), the program will crash?? protected FloatBuffer storage = FloatBuffer.allocate(MATRIX_SIZE); protected float[] data = new float [MATRIX_SIZE]; { for (int i =0 ; i < MATRIX_SIZE; i++) { data[i] = 0.0f; } data[0] = 1.0f; data[5] = 1.0f; data[10] = 1.0f; data[15] = 1.0f; //data[4] = -(float) Math.tan(Math.toRadians(45f)); //TO-DO 135 or 120 degrees? data[9] = -(float) Math.tan(Math.toRadians(60f)); data[8] = -(float) Math.tan(Math.toRadians(60f)); /* The column is the row of OpenGL 4x4 matrix 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 */ storage.clear(); storage.put(data); storage.clear(); } // // draw the cube // protected float[][] vs = new float[][] { new float[] { 0f, -1.63299f, -1.1547f }, new float[] { -1.63299f, 0f, -1.1547f }, // new float[] { 0f, 1.63299f, -1.1547f }, new float[] { 1.63299f, 0f, -1.1547f }, // new float[] { 0f, -1.63299f, 1.1547f }, new float[] { -1.63299f, 0f, 1.1547f }, // new float[] { 0f, 1.63299f, 1.1547f }, new float[] { 1.63299f, 0f, 1.1547f } }; // TO-DO orthogonal cube mesh // draw the cube protected float[][] vs = new float[][] { new float[] { -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f}, new float[] { -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f }, new float[] { 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f }, new float[] {1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f }, new float[] { -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f }, new float[] {-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }, new float[] {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }, new float[] { 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f} }; @Override public void display(GLAutoDrawable drawable) { // Turn the gears' teeth // angle += 2.0f; // Get the GL corresponding to the drawable we are animating GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2(); gl.glClearColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Special handling for the case where the GLJPanel is translucent // and wants to be composited with other Java 2D content if (GLProfile.isAWTAvailable() && (drawable instanceof javax.media.opengl.awt.GLJPanel) && !((javax.media.opengl.awt.GLJPanel) drawable).isOpaque() && ((javax.media.opengl.awt.GLJPanel) drawable).shouldPreserveColorBufferIfTranslucent()) { gl.glClear(GL2.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); } else { gl.glClear(GL2.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL2.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); } // Rotate the entire assembly of gears based on how the user // dragged the mouse around gl.glPushMatrix(); gl.glRotatef(view_rotx, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); gl.glRotatef(view_roty, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); gl.glRotatef(view_rotz, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); { final float axisHalfLengh = 3.0f; gl.glMatrixMode(GLMatrixFunc.GL_PROJECTION); gl.glLoadIdentity(); float o_size1 = -3.5f; float o_size2 = 3.5f; float o_size3 = -3.5f; float o_size4 = 3.5f; float near_z = 1.0f; float far_z = 300.0f; gl.glOrtho(o_size1, o_size2, o_size3, o_size4, near_z, far_z); gl.glMatrixMode(GLMatrixFunc.GL_MODELVIEW); gl.glLoadIdentity(); GLU glu = new GLU(); //up vec should be Y, not Z, glu.gluLookAt(5.0f, 8.0f, 10.0f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 0.f, 0.f, 1.f); glu.gluLookAt(0.0f, 0.0f, 10.0f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 0.f, 1.f, 0.f); //cannot see ? glu.gluLookAt(0f, 0f, 100.0f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 0.f, 0.f, 1.f); //TO-DO create orthogonal cube mesh gl.glMultMatrixf(storage); //TO-DO half z gl.glScalef(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.5f); gl.glDisable(GLLightingFunc.GL_LIGHTING); ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3f(-axisHalfLengh / 2.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3f(axisHalfLengh, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3f(0.0f, -axisHalfLengh / 2.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3f(.0f, axisHalfLengh, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -axisHalfLengh / 2.0f); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3f(.0f, .0f, axisHalfLengh); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); // gl.glVertex3fv(float [], int); // 3 1 { gl.glPushAttrib(GL2.GL_ENABLE_BIT); gl.glLineStipple(4, (short) 0xAAAA); gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_LINE_STIPPLE); int beginIndex = 3; int endIndex = 1; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); gl.glPopAttrib(); } // 2 1 { gl.glPushAttrib(GL2.GL_ENABLE_BIT); gl.glLineStipple(4, (short) 0xAAAA); gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_LINE_STIPPLE); int beginIndex = 2; int endIndex = 1; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); gl.glPopAttrib(); } // 6 1 { gl.glPushAttrib(GL2.GL_ENABLE_BIT); gl.glLineStipple(4, (short) 0xAAAA); gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_LINE_STIPPLE); int beginIndex = 6; int endIndex = 1; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); gl.glPopAttrib(); } // 2 6 { int beginIndex = 2; int endIndex = 6; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); } // 2 7 { int beginIndex = 2; int endIndex = 7; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); } // 3 2 { int beginIndex = 3; int endIndex = 2; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); } // 3 7 { int beginIndex = 3; int endIndex = 7; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); } // 3 8 { int beginIndex = 3; int endIndex = 8; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); } // 4 3 { int beginIndex = 4; int endIndex = 3; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); } // 4 8 { int beginIndex = 4; int endIndex = 8; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); } // 5 1 { gl.glPushAttrib(GL2.GL_ENABLE_BIT); gl.glLineStipple(4, (short) 0xAAAA); gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_LINE_STIPPLE); int beginIndex = 5; int endIndex = 1; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); gl.glPopAttrib(); } // 4 5 { gl.glPushAttrib(GL2.GL_ENABLE_BIT); gl.glLineStipple(4, (short) 0xAAAA); gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_LINE_STIPPLE); int beginIndex = 4; int endIndex = 5; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); gl.glPopAttrib(); } // 1 4 { gl.glPushAttrib(GL2.GL_ENABLE_BIT); gl.glLineStipple(4, (short) 0xAAAA); gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_LINE_STIPPLE); int beginIndex = 1; int endIndex = 4; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); gl.glPopAttrib(); } // 6 5 { int beginIndex = 6; int endIndex = 5; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); } // 7 6 { int beginIndex = 7; int endIndex = 6; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); } // 5 8 { int beginIndex = 5; int endIndex = 8; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); } // 7 5 { int beginIndex = 7; int endIndex = 5; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); } // 8 7 { int beginIndex = 8; int endIndex = 7; ((GL2) gl).glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); ((GL2) gl).glBegin(GL2.GL_LINES); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[beginIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glVertex3fv(vs[endIndex - 1], 0); ((GL2) gl).glEnd(); } gl.glEnable(GLLightingFunc.GL_LIGHTING); ////TO-DO render the text crash the program? //TO-DO rotate the text properly // May be the reason, new operator in display() create too many objects for the gc to collect. // then memory used up. The jvm or system ulimit halts the program. { gl.glPushMatrix(); int vertexIndex = 1; gl.glTranslatef(vs[vertexIndex - 1][0], vs[vertexIndex - 1][1], vs[vertexIndex - 1][2]); //gl.glRotatef(150f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); //TextRenderer hints_renderer = new TextRenderer(new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 16)); hints_renderer.setColor(0f, 0f, 0f, 1.0f); hints_renderer.begin3DRendering(); float textScaleFactor = 0.012f; hints_renderer.draw3D("V" + vertexIndex, 0f, 0f, 0f, textScaleFactor); hints_renderer.end3DRendering(); gl.glPopMatrix(); } { gl.glPushMatrix(); int vertexIndex = 2; gl.glTranslatef(vs[vertexIndex - 1][0], vs[vertexIndex - 1][1], vs[vertexIndex - 1][2]); //gl.glRotatef(150f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); //TextRenderer hints_renderer = new TextRenderer(new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 16)); hints_renderer.setColor(0f, 0f, 0f, 1.0f); hints_renderer.begin3DRendering(); float textScaleFactor = 0.012f; hints_renderer.draw3D("V" + vertexIndex, 0f, 0f, 0f, textScaleFactor); hints_renderer.end3DRendering(); gl.glPopMatrix(); } { gl.glPushMatrix(); int vertexIndex =3; gl.glTranslatef(vs[vertexIndex - 1][0], vs[vertexIndex - 1][1], vs[vertexIndex - 1][2]); //gl.glRotatef(150f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); //TextRenderer hints_renderer = new TextRenderer(new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 16)); hints_renderer.setColor(0f, 0f, 0f, 1.0f); hints_renderer.begin3DRendering(); float textScaleFactor = 0.012f; hints_renderer.draw3D("V" + vertexIndex, 0f, 0f, 0f, textScaleFactor); hints_renderer.end3DRendering(); gl.glPopMatrix(); } { gl.glPushMatrix(); int vertexIndex = 4; gl.glTranslatef(vs[vertexIndex - 1][0], vs[vertexIndex - 1][1], vs[vertexIndex - 1][2]); //gl.glRotatef(150f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); //TextRenderer hints_renderer = new TextRenderer(new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 16)); hints_renderer.setColor(0f, 0f, 0f, 1.0f); hints_renderer.begin3DRendering(); float textScaleFactor = 0.012f; hints_renderer.draw3D("V" + vertexIndex, 0f, 0f, 0f, textScaleFactor); hints_renderer.end3DRendering(); gl.glPopMatrix(); } { gl.glPushMatrix(); int vertexIndex = 5; gl.glTranslatef(vs[vertexIndex - 1][0], vs[vertexIndex - 1][1], vs[vertexIndex - 1][2]); //gl.glRotatef(150f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); //TextRenderer hints_renderer = new TextRenderer(new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 16)); hints_renderer.setColor(0f, 0f, 0f, 1.0f); hints_renderer.begin3DRendering(); float textScaleFactor = 0.012f; hints_renderer.draw3D("V" + vertexIndex, 0f, 0f, 0f, textScaleFactor); hints_renderer.end3DRendering(); gl.glPopMatrix(); } { gl.glPushMatrix(); int vertexIndex = 6; gl.glTranslatef(vs[vertexIndex - 1][0], vs[vertexIndex - 1][1], vs[vertexIndex - 1][2]); //gl.glRotatef(150f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); //TextRenderer hints_renderer = new TextRenderer(new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 16)); hints_renderer.setColor(0f, 0f, 0f, 1.0f); hints_renderer.begin3DRendering(); float textScaleFactor = 0.012f; hints_renderer.draw3D("V" + vertexIndex, 0f, 0f, 0f, textScaleFactor); hints_renderer.end3DRendering(); gl.glPopMatrix(); } { gl.glPushMatrix(); int vertexIndex = 7; gl.glTranslatef(vs[vertexIndex - 1][0], vs[vertexIndex - 1][1], vs[vertexIndex - 1][2]); //gl.glRotatef(150f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); //TextRenderer hints_renderer = new TextRenderer(new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 16)); hints_renderer.setColor(0f, 0f, 0f, 1.0f); hints_renderer.begin3DRendering(); float textScaleFactor = 0.012f; hints_renderer.draw3D("V" + vertexIndex, 0f, 0f, 0f, textScaleFactor); hints_renderer.end3DRendering(); gl.glPopMatrix(); } { gl.glPushMatrix(); int vertexIndex = 8; gl.glTranslatef(vs[vertexIndex - 1][0], vs[vertexIndex - 1][1], vs[vertexIndex - 1][2]); //gl.glRotatef(150f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); //TextRenderer hints_renderer = new TextRenderer(new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 16)); hints_renderer.setColor(0f, 0f, 0f, 1.0f); hints_renderer.begin3DRendering(); float textScaleFactor = 0.012f; hints_renderer.draw3D("V" + vertexIndex, 0f, 0f, 0f, textScaleFactor); hints_renderer.end3DRendering(); gl.glPopMatrix(); } } // Remember that every push needs a pop; this one is paired with // rotating the entire gear assembly gl.glPopMatrix(); } class CubeDemoKeyAdapter extends KeyAdapter { @Override public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { int kc = e.getKeyCode(); if (KeyEvent.VK_LEFT == kc) { view_roty -= 1; } else if (KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT == kc) { view_roty += 1; } else if (KeyEvent.VK_UP == kc) { view_rotx -= 1; } else if (KeyEvent.VK_DOWN == kc) { view_rotx += 1; } } } class CubeDemoMouseAdapter extends MouseAdapter { @Override public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { prevMouseX = e.getX(); prevMouseY = e.getY(); } @Override public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) { } @Override public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) { final int x = e.getX(); final int y = e.getY(); int width = 0, height = 0; Object source = e.getSource(); if (source instanceof Window) { Window window = (Window) source; width = window.getSurfaceWidth(); height = window.getSurfaceHeight(); } else if (source instanceof GLAutoDrawable) { GLAutoDrawable glad = (GLAutoDrawable) source; width = glad.getSurfaceWidth(); height = glad.getSurfaceHeight(); } else if (GLProfile.isAWTAvailable() && source instanceof java.awt.Component) { java.awt.Component comp = (java.awt.Component) source; width = comp.getWidth(); height = comp.getHeight(); } else { throw new RuntimeException("Event source neither Window nor Component: " + source); } float thetaY = 360.0f * ((float) (x - prevMouseX) / (float) width); float thetaX = 360.0f * ((float) (prevMouseY - y) / (float) height); prevMouseX = x; prevMouseY = y; view_rotx += thetaX; view_roty += thetaY; } } }